Freedman, who works at the University of Chicago, studies the Hubble constant, a number that represents how fast the expansion of the universe is accelerating. We have known about this escalating expansion since 1929, when US astronomer Edwin Hubble found that the more distant an object was, the faster it seemed to be moving away from us.

That is when things got tricky. Pinning down the numbers requires accurate measurements of astronomical distances. In Hubble’s era, astronomical images were taken by shining light through a telescope onto a photographic plate. Calculating distances from those images was difficult and imprecise.

La imagen más común que tenemos del Big Bang es que a partir de un punto surgió un universo que se ha ido expandiendo.

En este sentido, el uso de la palabra ‘síndrome‘ no se debe interpretar desde un punto de vista clínico, pero funciona a nivel gráfico para poner en primer plano un hecho incuestionable: la sociedad contemporánea ha ido dando la espalda a la naturaleza en paralelo a la expansión del desarrollo urbano.

De esta forma, Louv opta por un nuevo punto de vista para devolver al primer plano un conflicto ya tradicional: en vez destacar el papel positivo que tiene el contacto con la naturaleza en el desarrollo humano, el escritor norteamericano incide en los aspectos negativos que derivan de una carencia de este contacto natural, hasta convertir esta carencia en un ‘síndrome’, siempre desde un punto de vista metafórico, tal y como señala el propio Louv.

Cuando murió en 1741 todo aquello pasó a su viuda e hija, quienes en 1753 decidieron vender semejante montaña de papeles al país por unas 10.000 libras. Con el tiempo la conocida como Colección Harley —un legado que supera los 7.000 manuscritos, 14.000 cartas y 500 rollos— acabó siendo uno de los primeros fondos de la British Library. A pesar de su valor, del tiempo que lleva en manos de expertos y de que contiene algunas joyas, como el Salterio de Harley o el Libro de la Reina, el material sigue dejándonos alguna que otra sorpresa. Y de calado, además.

Reinvigorated and freed from those beta shackles, the interneurons resume producing gamma oscillations (at about half the DBS stimulation frequency, typically at 135 Hz) that then suppress the beta activity of the MSNs. With the MSNs no longer producing too much beta, the loop leading back to the STN and then to the FSIs is no longer dominated by that frequency.

“DBS stops the beta from propagating towards FSIs so that it is no longer amplified, and then, by additionally exciting FSIs, restores the ability of FSIs to produce strong gamma oscillations, that will in turn inhibit beta at its source,” Adam said.

Anvils – one of the instruments typically used by blacksmiths, anvils are heavy blocks of metal. When working with iron or types of metal, the blacksmith would put those pieces on an anvil and use a hammer to hit the piece into shape, creating things like armour, weapons or tools.

One study asked the subjects what they thought made the difference, and they said that it was determined by the people and or the setting that was being dreamed about.

If you thought of your family back in your country of origin, it’d likely be in that language regardless of whether it was now your dominant language. And if you were dreaming about people you’ve known as a young adult, living in another setting where you spoke a different language, you’d be dreaming in that language.

In recent years, attention has turned to psychedelics such as psilocybin, the active compound in “magic mushrooms”. Despite a number of clinical trials showing that psilocybin can rapidly treat depression, including for cancer-related anxiety and depression, little is known about how psilocybin actually works to relieve depression in the brain.

Now two recent studies, published in The New England Journal of Medicine and Nature Medicine, have shed some light on this mysterious process.

Investigar la cuestión de cómo pudo surgir la vida hace mucho tiempo en la Tierra primitiva es uno de los desafíos más fascinantes para la ciencia. ¿Qué condiciones deben haber prevalecido para que se formaran los componentes básicos de una vida más compleja?