TeoTelescopio – My Blog https://sobrelavidafeliz.com My WordPress Blog Tue, 18 Apr 2023 20:21:46 +0000 es hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.7.2 Circuit Model May Explain How Deep Brain Stimulation Treats Parkinson’s Disease Symptoms https://sobrelavidafeliz.com/2023/04/18/circuit-model-may-explain-how-deep-brain-stimulation-treats-parkinsons-disease-symptoms/ https://sobrelavidafeliz.com/2023/04/18/circuit-model-may-explain-how-deep-brain-stimulation-treats-parkinsons-disease-symptoms/#respond Tue, 18 Apr 2023 20:21:46 +0000 https://cristoniano.com/?p=849 When DBS high-frequency stimulation is applied to the STN, the model shows, that replaces the overwhelming beta input received by the FSIs and restores their excitability.

Reinvigorated and freed from those beta shackles, the interneurons resume producing gamma oscillations (at about half the DBS stimulation frequency, typically at 135 Hz) that then suppress the beta activity of the MSNs. With the MSNs no longer producing too much beta, the loop leading back to the STN and then to the FSIs is no longer dominated by that frequency.

“DBS stops the beta from propagating towards FSIs so that it is no longer amplified, and then, by additionally exciting FSIs, restores the ability of FSIs to produce strong gamma oscillations, that will in turn inhibit beta at its source,” Adam said.

]]> https://sobrelavidafeliz.com/2023/04/18/circuit-model-may-explain-how-deep-brain-stimulation-treats-parkinsons-disease-symptoms/feed/ 0 How a verbal paradox shattered the notion of total certainty in mathematics https://sobrelavidafeliz.com/2023/04/18/how-a-verbal-paradox-shattered-the-notion-of-total-certainty-in-mathematics/ https://sobrelavidafeliz.com/2023/04/18/how-a-verbal-paradox-shattered-the-notion-of-total-certainty-in-mathematics/#respond Tue, 18 Apr 2023 20:20:52 +0000 https://cristoniano.com/?p=847 Dating back to ancient Greece, the idea that any mathematical statement can ultimately be proven true or false, and any apparent contradiction ultimately erased, was as enticing as it was intuitive for many logicians and mathematicians. However, this long-dominant belief was upended in the early 20th century when the logician Kurt Gödel converted a written paradox – ‘This statement cannot be proved’ – into an equation, shattering the notion that mathematics could be built on structures of total certainty. This animation from TED-Ed traces how Gödel was able to use words to transform mathematics forever, and how his ‘incompleteness theorem’ has led to breakthroughs in both his field and the digital world.

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